Essay On Msds - 852 Words

Did you know that pesticides and harmful chemicals are responsible for approximately 900,000 deaths annually (source a)? Yep, that’s right 900,000 people die from coming in contact or consuming these substances. We can save more people from dying if we could teach people how to read MSDSs’. A Material Safety Data Sheet, or MSDS, is a document that contains information about potential hazards about a certain chemical and how to work safely with the chemical product. An MSDS can be found online, but also there are a list of precautions that be found within a product containing the substance. MSDS’s should be taken more seriously and not be overlooked. First off, let’s start off by asking ourselves, ‘What information can be found in a MSDS?’.†¦show more content†¦The sixth section are the precautions for safe handling and use. This section contains information on proper equipment you can use to clean up the spill. The final section are the control measure. This is an important section since it is a list of control measures that can reduce or eliminate the hazard(source C). A MSDS is made up of sections and should be read before using a product. When someone comes in contact with a harmful chemical, there can be many side effects from irritation to even death. Let’s take into instance sodium hypochlorite, a chemical found within bleach. Bleach is a common product used when doing laundry, specifically used to whiten clothes with stains. Sodium hypochlorite has a numerous number of effects if it comes into contact with you or fire. If you were to inhale this substance, you would get a burning sensation in your nose. If you were to come in contact with sodium hypochlorite physically, you would have redness surrounding the area and you would have painful skin burns. To add on, if your eyes were to come in contact with sodium hypochlorite, you will have severe deep painful burns.(source A) Moreover, another harmful chemical that you may not realize you use or are near by is Diethanolamine. This substance can be found in soap, an everyday product used multiple times per week. If this substance alone were to come in contact with your skin, your skin would become irritant, as wellShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Materials Handling Procedures For The Safe Storage And Handling Of Materials1252 Words   |  6 PagesMINE1002 Essay – Materials Handling In layman’s terms, materials handling is the identification, storage, and movement of materials between locations. (Siddhartha 2017) A more complete definition suggests that materials handling is â€Å"a system or combination of methods, facilities, labor, and equipment for moving, packing, and storing of materials to meet specific objectives.†(Kulwiec 1985) Regulatory bodies provide organizations with guidelines for the development of procedures for the safe storageRead MoreThe Socio Economic Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1517 Words   |  7 Pagesof teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifying how a lack of education is considered as a socio economic factor associated with teenage pregnancy, followed by the second theme which will consist of economic circumstances such as, parental unemployment and welfare dependency. Lastly, this essay will discuss how deficiency of suppo rt from family and friends lead to unstable relationships, which has a hugeRead MoreThe Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1558 Words   |  7 Pagesof teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifying how a lack of education is considered as a socioeconomic factor associated with teenage pregnancy, followed by the second theme which will consist of economic circumstances such as, parental unemployment and welfare dependency. Lastly, this essay will discuss how deficiency of support from family and friends leads to unstable relationships, which has a hugeRead MoreThe Social Determinants Of Health1306 Words   |  6 PagesConditions of birth and people’s growth, lifestyles, occupations and age strongly influence their health. This essay focuses on children between the ages of zero to 19 and examines what the social determinants of health are. Firstly, it attempts to analyse poverty, family violence, addiction and the impacts on the health of younger New Zealanders who are exposed to those determinants. Secondly, strategies, initiatives and prevention services are identified at national, regional and local levels toRead MoreOutline How Legislation, Policies and Procedures Relating to Health, Safety and Security Influence Health and Social Care Settings.2263 Words   |  10 PagesUnit 3 Purple Group Legislation, Policies and Procedures for Health, Safety and Security. P2 – In this essay I am going to outline how legislation, policies and procedures relating to health, safety and security influence health and social care settings. M1 – I am also going to describe how health and safety legislation, policies and procedures promote the safety of individuals in a health or social care setting. Health and Safety Legislation Legislation is a law or act which has beenRead MoreThe Consequences Of Child Poverty1188 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom poverty. Based on the data provided by Child Poverty Monitor, 295,000 Kiwi kids live in households with low income (2016). It is a urgent problem for our future generations as living in poverty may have strong influence on their future. This essay will discuss the main reasons and the significant consequences of child poverty in New Zealand. Firstly, the impact of uneven distribution of wealth is mainly responsible for most families being in poverty in New Zealand. The graph below displaysRead MoreStrategic Development : Strategic Planning1583 Words   |  7 PagesSvetlana, BRADUÃ… ¢AN1 and Alexei, SÂRBU2. (). ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CONTEXT. Available: http://www.cedc.ro/media/MSD/Papers/Volume%204%20no%201%202012/MSD_9.pdf. Last accessed 25th january 2015. rohananderson. (). risks of strategic drift. Available: http://www.studymode.com/essays/Strategic-Drift-1837290.html. Last accessed 25th january 2015. investopedia. (). incremental marketing strategy. Available: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/incremental-marketingRead MoreEssay about Applying the Sociological Imagination to Sole-parent Familes1352 Words   |  6 Pagesgrowing diversity of families today including the commonality of sole-parenting. In order to explore aspects of sole-parenthood objectively, I need to reflect and put aside my personal experience of growing up in sole-parent household. Furthermore, this essay will explore the historical origins, cultural aspects discussing the influences and implications of gender identity, and social structures of sole-parent families, as well as consider the implications in midwifery by applying the sociological imaginationRead MoreModern Medicine And Its Effects On Modern Society3354 Words   |  14 Pagesthese are improvements the World Health Organization needs to improve on modern vaccinations already being used. Most vaccines in market still use older chemicals such as m ercury or aluminum, which has proved to have adverse reactions on humans; in an essay regarding the anti-vaccination movement Jason Behrmann, a doctor at the French department of medicine and bioethics, stated â€Å"certain vaccine recipients experience an allergic reaction that is often not due to the vaccine s active ingredients† andRead MoreQuestions On The On Teenage Pregnancy Essay3086 Words   |  13 PagesM. D., Woodward, L. J., Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., Chesney, A. (2008). Living standards and material conditions of young New Zealand families. Social Policy Journal Of New Zealand, (33), 47–69. Retrieved from https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/social-policy-journal/spj33/33-living-standards-and-material-condidtions-of-young-new-zealand-families-p47-69.html CREDIBILITY T: Talk about the title (journal, book title, web address,

Life Lessons in Maya Angelous Graduation Essay - 1709 Words

Life Lessons in Maya Angelous Graduation Throughout life we go through many stepping stones, Maya Angelous autobiographical essay Graduation, was about more than just moving on to another grade. The unexpected events that occurred during the ceremony enabled her to graduate from the views of a child to the more experienced and sometimes disenchanting views of an adult. Upon reading the story there is an initial feeling of excitement and hope which was quickly tarnished with the abrupt awareness of human prejudices. The author vividly illustrates a rainbow of significant mood changes she undergoes throughout the story. From the outset of the story there is an overwhelming sense of hope that has enveloped the entire community†¦show more content†¦It was such very special time for the community that even the preacher had prepared a special sermon for this moment. Even the author was looking up to the arch of heaven so religiously [her] neck kept a steady ache (835). Pride had also entered into her character as she explained her smiling soreness, as she had taken to smiling more often and [her] jaws hurt from the unaccustomed activity; (835). As a member of the winning team (the graduating class of 1940) (835) she was moving headfirst toward the future. It was obvious that she was delighted that she had accumulated a plethora of achievements displayed with colored stars on the bulletin board. Even though Henry Reed had been awarded valedictorian, instead of being disappointed [she] was pleased that [they] shared top honors (836). A sense of approval flowed though her and she was genuinely and deservedly happy; she was headed for the freedom of open fields (835). The author also reflected upon the tradition of graduation. The giving of gifts for those children moving from one grade to the next and for those who were at the top of their class this became even more important. In the store she was the person of the moment (835) and customers lavished her with nickels and sometimes even dimes. She could also feel the love from her family. They were treating her like royalty.Show MoreRelated Comparing Maya Angelous Graduation and Liliana Hekers The Stolen Party1020 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Maya Angelous Graduation and Liliana Hekers The Stolen Party    Maya Angelous Graduation and Liliana Hekers The Stolen Party share a common theme. Each author demonstrates through young girls that lifes experiences, especially as a child, teach important lessons. Although Angelous Graduation and Hekers The Stolen Party share a distinct resemblance, they also differ. The main similarity is that Margaret from Graduation and Rosaura from The Stolen Party areRead MoreEssay on I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou2409 Words   |  10 Pagessegregation were a fact of life. It was a daily struggle for blacks to live in a society that clearly and openly did not accept them as equal people. They were frequently ridiculed and disrespected just because of the color of their skin. Since they were evidently treated differently, many despised the fact that they were black. As a result of their helpless circumstances, it was understandable that many blacks during that time lacked confidence and self-acceptance. Maya Angelou was an AfricanRead MoreLiterary Analysis of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Essay2756 Words   |  12 PagesProfessor Padilla Themes of Racism and Segregation in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the novel I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou. Specifically it will discuss the themes of racism and segregation, and how these strong themes are woven throughout this moving autobiography. Maya Angelou recounts the story of her early life, including the racism and segregation she experiences throughout her formative yearsRead MoreFrederick Douglass And Maya Angelou Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican Americans. Frederick Douglass and Maya Angelou both tell experiences where they were oppressed and demeaned just because of the color of their skin. Frederick Douglass’ â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† tells the account of how Douglass, a young slave, not only overcomes the depriving laws and norms of the time but also the smarts he used to be able to learn to read and write. Douglass had somehow convinced his mistress to commence reading lessons, which quickly ended due to her husban d sRead MoreA personality review of Dr. Maya Angelou (personality theory).1960 Words   |  8 PagesDr. Maya Angelou was born Marguerite Johnson on April 4, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri. Her father, Baily Johnson, was a doorman, and, later a dietician for the navy. Her mother, Vivian Johnson, was a registered nurse. When Angelou was three years old, her parents were divorced. They sent her and her four-year-old brother, Baily, Jr., to live with their paternal grandmother, Annie Henderson, in Stamps, Arkansas. Henderson ran a small general store and managed to scrape by. She continued to do so afterRead MoreMalcolm X And Maya Angelou And A Homemade Education1791 Words   |  8 PagesKing Jr., â€Å"Graduation† by Maya Angelou and â€Å"A Homemade Education† by Malcolm X, the authors discuss their experiences and fight against inequality. Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X and Maya Angelou were just a few of the hundreds of thousands of blacks who restlessly fought for civil rights. Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X and Maya Angelou showed that in the face of adversity to persevere you must always remain strong and steadfast if you wish to succeed. Even with Malcolm X and Maya Angelou facingRead MoreI Know Why the Caged Bird Sings - Maya Angelou6502 Words   |  27 PagesAnalysis: Chapters 1–5 The lines from the poem Maya cannot finish, â€Å"What are you looking at me for? I didn’t come to stay . . .† capture two of the most significant issues she struggles with in her childhood and young adulthood: feeling ugly and awkward and never feeling attached to one place. First, Maya imagines that though people judge her unfairly by her awkward looks, they will be surprised one day when her true self emerges. At the time, she hopes that she will emerge as if in a fairy-taleRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s Angelou 2396 Words   |  10 Pagesmarriage and Father shipped us home to mother† (Angelou 7). 1. This excerpt comes from the beginning of chapter one. The narrator, who is also the main character Maya Angelou, informs her reader of her family status. 2. The author informs us that she is currently living with her Father’s mother due to the separation of their parents. 3. Maya Angelou includes this passage to show that there is no perfect marriage and provide knowledge as to how hard it was live back then. This passage is significantRead MoreOutliers-The Story of Success, by Malcolm Gladwell Essay1894 Words   |  8 PagesFor example, his first assignment required him to cover fashion, instead of attending a high-end fashion show he opted to write a story about a man who sold $8 t-shirts. This shows his interest to research why certain people chose different paths in life. Gladwell could have written about high-end fashion and the people behind it but he chose to write about the man who sold cheap t-shirts in order to find out why he also didn’t pursue a career in high fashion. Another reason that I feel Gladwell is

Title Free Essays

———————– Fact File: CERAMICS Find out: 1. What is a ceramic material? Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic materials made from compounds of a metal and a non metal. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Title or any similar topic only for you Order Now The names of four types of ceramic †¢ Structural †¢ Refractories †¢ White ware ceramic †¢ Technical ceramic 3. Give examples of each of these types of ceramic Examples of structural ceramics are: bricks, pipes and roof tiles Example of Refractories ceramics: gas fire radiant’s, steel and glass making crucibles. Example of white ware ceramic: tableware, cookware, wall tiles, pottery products and sanitary ware. Example of Technical ceramic: gas burner nozzles, ballistic protection, nuclear fuel uranium oxide pellets, biomedical implants, coatings of jet engine and turbine blades. Properties List 5 properties of ceramic materials. For each property, write a sentence to explain what the word means. http://depts. washington. edu/matseed/mse_resources/Webpage/Ceramics/ceramicproperty. htm †¢ Hard: not easily broken, bent, or pierced. †¢ Wear-resistant: it wont ware away easily if you keep it for along time †¢ Brittle: it can break easily if it drops on the floor. Thermal insulators: it keeps heat in and the cold out. Ceramics – Porcelain and False Teeth! 1. What is porcelain? What are its properties and uses? Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, normally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200  Ã‚ °C Properties are low permeability and elasticity, strong , hardness, toughness, whiteness and thermal shock. 2. What happened to porcelain production in the 1950s and 1960s? (aluminous porcelains) The UK Ran out of Porcelain to make all different products. . How porcelain has been used to make false teeth? It is used to make a tooth shaped model with porcelain and the dentist screws it on. Also, they used to get layer of porcelain and put it on the teeth. [pic] Crystalline and Non-crystalline ceramics (Types of ceramic materials) What are crystalline ceramics? Give some examples? Crystalline ceramic materials are not amenable to a great range of processing What are non-crystalline ceramics? Give some examples? No- crystalline ceramics, being glasses, tend to be formed from melts. How to cite Title, Essay examples Title Free Essays Training Effectiveness in the organization A study on Credit Appraisal for Car loan financing in the finance companies. A study on Consumer buying behavior towards two wheeler bikes. A study on Effectiveness of Performance Management system among the employees A study on Effectiveness of Quality Initiatives among the employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Title or any similar topic only for you Order Now A study on Safety , Welfare and Health among the employees. A study on Training and Recreation programmer among the employees. A study on the investor behavior towards the mutual funds investments. A study on Induction Training Program among the employees. A study on Quality of Work Life among the employees. A study on potentiality of Auto and Engineering companies. A study on Customer Financial Need Analysis. A study on financial position of the firm and a comparison of cash management product and multiplicity queue facility A study on Effectiveness of performance of Management System among the employees. A Study on Working Capital Requirements of the Company. A study on Financial Performance of the Company. A review on financial performance of the company A study on Cash Management System in company A study on Inventory Management system in the company. A study on Consumer buying Behavior pattern of Air Conditioner Products. A study on Employees Health , Safety and Welfare measures A study on Debtors Management in the company A study on Short-term Financing in the company A study on Awareness and satisfaction among the investment in Mutual Funds A study on Training and Development among the employees. A study on Welfare Measure implementing in the company. A market stud on perceptual positioning of Electric switches Among existing and potential electrical dealers A study on awareness and Attitude towards the electrical products. A study on Performance Appraisal System among the employees. Consumer Buying Behavioral pattern towards Consumer Products A study on customer preference and satisfaction levels on photocopying and fax machines among the dealers. A study on knowledge Management among the employees A study on magazine reader perception at Indian Express Iambi Ltd. , A study on Effectiveness of Training Programmer among the employees. A study on market survey of citizen and fluctuation with special reference to capital Ltd. A study on employee awareness of training in TTS healthcare Ltd. A study on Organizational Culture and Climate of Employees among the employees. A study on market potential of compact fluorescent lamps A study on digital media careers aspired by senior secondary students at image infotainment Ltd. A study on medical representative attitudes and their views towards pharmaceutical products. A study on market potential for video conference equipments. A study on Cash and Receivable management of the company. A study on Materials Management of Indirect Materials of the company. A study on Consumer Buying Behavior towards Deluxe Apartments. A study on Performance Appraisal System among the Employees. A study on Performance Evaluation among the employees. A study on Knowledge Management and Human Resources system among the Employees. A study on Organization Culture and Climate of employees towards customer first services (P) Ltd. A study on Motivation and Morale among the employees. A study on Consumer awareness towards milk products. A study on Attitudinal Survey among the employees. A study on reader perception about travel magazines with reference to express travel world(magazine of Indian express) A study on Employees Retention in the company A study on capital investment methods of appraisal of the firm A study on Inventory Management in Indirect Materials in the company. A study on Readers perception towards News papers. A study on Training and Development programmer among the Boos A study on Performance Evaluation of different Portfolios A study on Revenue and Financial Statement Analysis in the company A study on Capital Budgeting and Appraisal methods of analysis. A Study on Portfolio Management and Procurement Resources A Study on Different Schemes with Comparison and Evaluation among the Mutual Funds A study on Portfolio Management (Risk Return) of Inter Connected the many. A study on awareness and growth of unit linked insurance plans among the general public. A study of employee perception on participation programmer in the company. A study on Customer Interest towards Life Insurance Policies. A study on Customers attitude towards marketing of third parties products (Insurance). A study on perception on Life insurance among the Target market. A study on investors perception towards complaint redressed system. A study on investors perception towards investment options offered by the company. A study on investors awareness of systematic investment plan for Security companies. A study on employees perception towards welfare measures in the company. A study on Knowledge Management practices among employees. A study on Recruitment of Financial advisors in the company. A study on Evaluation and Capital Budgeting methods. A study on and Performance of Selected agricultural Commodities. A study on effectiveness of Communication. A study on customer satisfaction on the services provided by stock broking companies. A study on employees perception on effectiveness of Team Building Interventions. A study on Impact of Online Trading and Denationalization of Securities. A study on Employees perception on training and development in the company’s study non Derivative products analysis. A study on training need identification and effectiveness among employees. A study on investors interest towards online share trading account. A study on impact of stress among the employees. A study on public awareness towards investment in shares. A study on awareness level of times ascent among youth in Economic Times. A study on investors preference towards schemes offered by principal PEN asset management company. A study on Equity analysis on stock broking . A study on Leasing and Hire Purchasing system in the company A study on budget and budgetary control systems in the company. A study on Cash budgeting and Forecasting in the company. A Study on Investors Perception towards Commodity Futures Moving the Wheels of Prosperity Project Report on Portfolio Evaluation of Big Cap Companies. A study on Performance Evaluation of Mutual Fund Equity Schemes A Study on Systematic Risk Analysis on Indian Banking Scripts. A study on on Performance Appraisal at Andorra Pradesh Tourism and Development Corporation. A study on Advertisement and Sales Promotion on New Product A Study on Stress Management at AP Tourism Development Development. 108. Corporation. A study on on Impact of Derivatives on the Liquidity of the Underlying Stocks A Study on Market Potential of Indian Insurance Co. Pivotal A Study on Tax Saving Schemes in Mutual Funds. A Study on the Customer Relationship Management in the company. A study on Inventory Management and control in the company. A Study on Strategies of Buying Selling Mutual Funds A study on Investment Opportunities in stock broking companies. A Study on Procurement Analysis and Portfolio Management A Study on Changing Market Trends and Customer Perception in Buying of Life Insurance. A study on various approaches to Management in the company. A study on Leadership styles among the Employees in the company A study on Recruitment and selection of new Employees in the Organization A study on Total Quality Management in the company. A study on Human Resource Planning among the Employees. A study on Job description and specification among the Employees. A study on Job Rotation , Enrichment and Simplification among the Employees. A study on Employees Grievances among the Employees. A study on Strategic Hyman Resource Management system among the employees. A study on Organizational Development Interventions in the company among the employees. A study on Organizational Process, Effectiveness and Culture among the Employees A study on Managerial Effectiveness-HARM among the employees. A study on Capital Budgeting appraisal methods of evaluation in the company. A study on customer values and satisfaction among the consumer goods. A study on strategic marketing planning analysis towards consumer products. A study on Target market , market segmentation and Positioning of the products or services. A study on Product Policy , Product Line and Product Mix Decisions in the company. A study on Product life cycle Product Drop Decisions towards consumer products. A study on marketing role in corporate strategy towards consumer products. A study on new product launching decisions towards FMC. A study on Competitive Biding and Transfer Pricing towards FMC. A study on Marketing Communication and Promotional Decisions among the Consumer Products. A study on Sales Management and Promotional Strategy towards Consumer products. A study on Budgeting for Promotional strategy towards consumer Products. A study on Financial sources for entrepreneurial Ventures in the company. A study on Entrepreneurial Issues for growth and Development in the company. A study on key issues in Modern Management in the company. A study on Stress and its impact among it professionals in Hydrated. A study on impact of Advertising on consumption pattern of customers. A study on brand equity of room air conditioners. A study on Analysis of it services requirements in the organizations of Hydrated A study on Technical Analysis towards different Portfolios. A study on different price movements of commodity futures(gold/silver) . A study on Consumer How to cite Title, Papers Title Free Essays 1. What is the application ZenMap GUI typically used for? Describe a scenario in which you would use this type of application. / Scanning all domains within the local domain. We will write a custom essay sample on Title or any similar topic only for you Order Now / If I was a financial accountant, I would use this to see what my employees are accessing and who is doing what on the company internet. I would like to find out who is compromising their privileges and accessing inappropriate sites. 2. What is the relationship between risks, threats and vulnerabilities as it pertains to Information Systems Security throughout the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure? / They all affect security and integrity of a network domain local. 3. Which application is used in step #2 in the hacking process to perform a vulnerability assessment scan? / Nessus 4. Before you conduct an ethical hacking process or penetration test in a live production network, what must you do prior to performing the reconnaissance and probing and scanning procedures? Perform an IP host discovery and port intense scan 5. What is a CVE listing? Who hosts and who sponsors the CVE database listing website? / A system that provides a record for publicly know ISS vulnerability / The public 6. Can ZenMap GUI detect what operating systems are present on IP servers and Workstations? What would that option look like in the command line if running a scan on 172. 30. 0. 10? / Yes / It would be the green text in the c ommand line . If you have scanned a live host and detected that it is running Windows XP workstation OS, how would you use this information for performing a Nessus Vulnerability assessment scan? / You need to select Windows Credentials in the drop down menu next to credential type. 8. Once vulnerability is identified by Nessus, where can you check for more information regarding the identified vulnerability, exploits, and the risk mitigation†¦ How to cite Title, Essay examples

Status Anxiety free essay sample

In Alain de Botton’s 2004 book, Status Anxiety, he argues that humorists, such as stand-up comedians, talk show hosts, and cartoonists, can serve two purposes. These purposes include to entertain but mainly â€Å"to convey with impunity messages that might be dangerous or impossible to state directly†. As he goes on, he explains his belief that since these humorists are saying things many people cannot, they play an important role in shaping society. I, myself, agree that humorists do shape society through their words and action by being role models; however, I believe that these role models can use this to their advantage by uplifting and encouraging or depress and discourage. Botton claims that these humorist’s dangerous messages are unpunished, but I believe that every deed is noticed or eventually noticed to a point where a consequence or reward can result. One type of humorist includes stand-up comedians-a popular show in which many people love to listen to. We will write a custom essay sample on Status Anxiety or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page People go and see famous comedians such as Daniel Tosh and Jim Gaffigan. While Tosh being a rather crude, yet truthful, person, his show is very popular and he gains the sides of many while antagonizing the beliefs of others. On the other hand, Gaffigan creates humor from his opinions without using foul language and avoiding offense toward anyone, which sets him to have a good persona. With both of these people shaping society’s values, they chose whether or not they want it to have a disrespectful outtake on life, or a whimsical and pleasant view. Another group that easily shapes society and how it functions are talk show hosts. Some popular talk show hosts of the day include Ellen Degeneres and Chelsea Handler. Degeneres uses a positive humor that avoids hurting the ego of others and refuses to put up with bullying. She not only is a lesbian who stands up for gay rights, but she also influences other to do good through sincere happiness. Being completely the opposite, Chelsea Handler uses explicit language and discouraging humor to gain the side of those she isn’t making fun of. Instead of talking about ideas and events, she talks about people and leaves her viewers feeling uncomfortable due to her immaturity about immoral topics. Both with the power to do good in this world, some choose to inspire others such as Ellen Degeneres, while others like Chelsea Handler are rebellious and dismay the hopes and dreams of its viewers. The last group of individuals that have a great impact among society include famous cartoonists such as Seth MacFarlane from Family Guy and Walt Disney, who created the famous Mickey Mouse. As MacFarlane allows his cartoons to do provocative things and say raunchy sentences, he influences the television viewers that it is okay to act in that manner. Being rather old-fashioned, Disney created the Mickey Mouse cartoon to entertain kids in a friendly and joyous manner. Lifting the spirits of others, Disney has become so famous that his inspirational cartoon of a mouse has created its own television series, Disney Channel, theme parks such as Disneyland, and many other things. Making society cherish its values of respect, encouragement, and positivity, people such as Jim Gaffigan, Ellen Degeneres, and Walt Disney, are incredible and great role models. Through their words, actions, or drawings, they chose to do good in the world that was beyond entertaining their fans. I believe that these groups of humorists do have others purposes than to entertain their guests like what Botton explained. As they say things that others might not have had the courage and confidence to say, I believe, however, that their powerful choice of words are what serve as a vital function to society.

Real Rewards at Nestle free essay sample

It’s the real possibilities you have to learn and grow in your career and to contribute to the company’s success — from day one. And, it’s the real rewards you are offered for your contributions, as you reach your full potential as a member of the Nestle USA team. Nestle USA is committed to maintaining an inclusive environment where Real Possibilities Real People employees feel engaged, understood and accepted for their differences and unique perspectives. We respect all individuals inclusive of their race, color, religion, gender, age, sexual orientation, national origin, gender identity, disability and/or veteran status. In addition, Nestle USA’s strong focus on social responsibility provides many opportunities for you to be involved in your local community. This brochure provides an overview of the Real Rewards at Nestle USA. For more information on these programs and benefits, you can log onto www. mynestletotalrewards. com through HR Connection or talk to your local HR Representative. We will write a custom essay sample on Real Rewards at Nestle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"I came to Nestle 6 years ago and I came here really for the possibilities but I stayed for the people I work with. † At Nestle you’re given a lot of responsibility and with that comes an ability to make a big impact on the business. – Elizabell Marketing Manager, Nescafe – Phil Manager, Market Intelligence Nestle’s Investment In You 3 Compensation Compensation is a key part of Nestle USA’s Real Rewards package and helps to attract, motivate, and retain a workforce of top performers. Our philosophy is to provide and maintain disciplined compensation programs which value long-term relationships with employees while recognizing individual performance. Nestle USA is also committed to offering compensation packages, including base pay, short and long-term incentives and benefits, that are competitive in today’s market. Base Pay Your base salary is the fixed portion of your pay. Base salaries are designed to be competitive, based on data specific to each position as measured in the marketplace. High performance over time is recognized by base pay that is higher than the market. Nestle USA’s Real Rewards Website provides a snapshot of all your compensation and benefit programs (www. mynestletotalrewards. com). Short-Term Incentives Short-term Incentive pay is designed to reward you for accomplishments during a specific performance period (typically annually). For most Staff and Division level positions, Nestle USA offers Awards for Performance Excellence (APEX). APEX targets are set as a percentage of eligible earnings, and award payments are tied directly to Nestle USA’s performance toward the achievement of business objectives that are established annually Nestle USA also offers a variety of Sales and Plant Incentive Plans that are similar in design to APEX to reward employees in those roles for their contributions to Nestle USA’s success. Long-Term Incentives Long-term Incentive plans, such as Nestle USA’s LTIP, are designed to motivate and reward those in eligible leadership positions for the Company’s sustained success ver a longer period, often three years or more. LTIP target award opportunities are set to be competitive within the market and are calculated as a percentage of pay. For more info about HealthWorks, log onto the My Health section of HR Connection. â€Å"Nestle treats employees with a level of respect and dignity that is the envy of our industry. † – Bob Director of Human Resources Nestle USA’s life and ADD insurance provide financial protection — in the form of a cash benefit — in the event you or your covered dependents suffer a serious accident or death. Nestle’s Investment In You 5 Retirement Whether retirement is a number of years away or just around the corner, planning and preparing for your financial future is something to be thinking about now. To help prepare for retirement, Nestle USA offers two retirement plans, the Nestle 401(k) Savings Plan and the Nestle Pension Plan. 401(k) Savings Plan Pension Plan The Nestle 401(k) Savings Plan allows you to save on a tax-deferred basis through convenient payroll deductions. You can contribute from 1% to 25% of your eligible pay (certain IRS restrictions may apply). To help you save for retirement, Nestle USA will contribute $1. 00 for each $1. 00 you contribute up to 3% of your eligible pay, plus $0. 50 for each additional $1. 00 you contribute up to the next 2% of your eligible pay, for a maximum employer matching ontribution of 4% of your eligible pay. In order to receive your full employer match, you need to contribute at least 5% of your pay. It’s â€Å"free money† that can make your account grow faster and help you reach your retirement goals sooner. You will become 100% vested in your employer matching contributions (meaning you gain full ownership of the money) after completing three years of service. The Nestle Pension Plan is designed to provide an additional benefit at retirement, and is fully paid for by Nestle USA (you do not make any contributions to the Plan). You automatically begin participating in the Plan nce you have met the eligibility requirements. After you have been a participant in the Plan for three years, you become vested, which means you own your pension benefit. At retirement, you are able to elect how you wish to have your benefit paid, whether it be a lump sum or one of several annuity options. The Savings Plan offers investment options for every type of investor. You choose how to invest both your contributions and Nestle’s among many investment options that offer various levels of risk and return. To assist you in deciding how much to save and which funds to invest in, Financial Engines ® Personal Online Advisor service is available to all Savings Plan participants. Financial Engines is a leading provider of professional investment advice and best of all, it is available at no additional cost! The Nestle Pension Estimator tool allows you to model various scenarios providing insight into how the value of your plan can grow over time (www. mybenefitscenter. com/nestle). â€Å"Being employed here offers a sense of comfort, security and pride in that you’re part of a large, stable, solvent and ethical corporation. † – Rick Senior Counsel When you are ready to retire (or leave the Company for any reason), you can leave your money in the Savings Plan (certain restrictions may apply) or take it with you. To access your Savings Plan account, log on to the Nestle Smart$aving web site at http://nestle. ingplans. com. To access Financial Engines ®, log on to the Nestle Smart$aving web site and select Investment Advice. 6 Nestle’s Real Rewards Learning and Development Nestle University Nestle USA is part of Nestle S. A. , Nestle USA’s strong commitment to training and professional development provides real possibilities for learning and growth. For Nestle USA, training is more than just a transfer of knowledge and skills. It is fundamental to our culture of learning and development and to the fostering of our corporate principles and values. the world’s leading Nutrition, Health and Wellness Company, with a 135-year history and Nestle USA provides world-class tools, resources and support to enable you to manage your own career path and reach your full potential. Nestle University offers over 30 courses in five key curriculum areas: Innovation, People, Execution, Functional Capabilities and Working at Nestle.

Definition and Examples of Evidence in Argument

Definition and Examples of Evidence in Argument In argument, evidence refers to facts, documentation or testimony  used to strengthen a claim, support an argument or reach a conclusion. The evidence isnt the same as proof. Whereas evidence allows for professional judgment, the proof is absolute and incontestable,  said Denis Hayes in Learning and Teaching in Primary Schools.   Observations About Evidence Without evidence to support them, any statements you make in your writing have little or no value; theyre simply opinions, and 10 people may have 10 different opinions, none of which is more valid than the others unless there is clear and potent evidence to support it. Neil Murray, Writing Essays in English Language and Linguistics,  2012When conducting empirical research, the researchers primary responsibility is to provide evidence to support his or her claim about the relationship between the variables described in the research hypothesis. T]he researcher must collect data that will convince us of the accuracy of his or her predictions. Bart L. Weathington et al., Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences,  2010 Making Connections David Rosenwasser and Jill Stephen comment on making connections that leave out the steps that lead to them in 2009s Writing Analytically.  Ã‚   A common assumption about evidence is that is is the stuff that proves Im right. Although this way of thinking about evidence is not wrong, it is much too limited. Corroboration (proving the validity of a claim) is one of the functions of evidence, but not the only one. Writing well means sharing your thought process with your readers, telling them why you believe the evidence means what you say it does. Writers who think that evidence speaks for itself often do very little with their evidence except put it next to their claims: The party was terrible: There was no alcohol or, alternatively, The party was great: There was no alcohol. Just juxtaposing the evidence with the claim leaves out the thinking that connects them, thereby implying that the logic of the connection is obvious. But even for readers prone to agreeing with a given claim, simply pointing to the evidence is not enough.   Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence Julie M. Farrar defines two kinds of evidence in Evidence:  Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition,  from 2006. The mere presence of information does not constitute evidence; the informative statements must be accepted as evidence by an audience and believed by it to be relevant to the claim at issue. Evidence can be generally classified as qualitative and quantitative. The former emphasizes explanation and description, appearing continuous rather than discrete, while the latter offers measurement and prediction. Both kinds of information require interpretation, for at no time do the facts speak for themselves. Opening the Door In Evidence: Practice Under the Rules from  1999, Christopher B. Mueller and Laird C. Kirkpatrick discuss evidence as it relates to trial law. The more far-reaching effect of introducing evidence [in a trial] is to pave the way for other parties to introduce evidence, question witnesses and offer argument on the subject in attempts to rebut or confine the initial evidence. In the customary phrase, the party who offers evidence on a point is said to have opened the door, meaning that the other side may now make countermoves to answer or rebut the initial evidence, fighting fire with fire. Dubious Evidence In  Not on the Doctor’s Checklist, but Touch Matters from 2010 in The New York Times, Danielle Ofri discusses findings called evidence that isnt actually valid. [I]s there any research to show that a physical exam in a healthy person is of any benefit? Despite a long and storied tradition, a physical exam is more a habit than a clinically proven method of picking up the disease in asymptomatic people. There is scant evidence to suggest that routinely listening to every healthy person’s lungs or pressing on every normal person’s liver will find a disease that wasn’t suggested by the patient’s history. For a healthy person, an abnormal finding on a physical exam is more likely to be a false positive than a real sign of illness. Other Examples of Dubious Evidence America must not ignore the threat gathering against us. Facing clear evidence of peril, we cannot wait for the final proof, the smoking gun that could come in the form of a mushroom cloud. President George W. Bush, in justifying the invasion of Iraq in 2003  We have it. The smoking gun. The evidence. The potential weapon of mass destruction we have been looking for as our pretext of invading Iraq. Theres just one problem: its in North Korea. Jon Stewart, The Daily Show, 2005

Feeding a Rapidly Expanding Population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Feeding a Rapidly Expanding Population - Essay Example First, demand for food is changing fast across the globe. This comes as a result of a larger and wealthier population that has cut straight into the global food supply chain. Second, as food producers seek to produce more, they are required to demonstrate and practice acceptable levels of social and environmental responsibility. The third is the need to eliminate hunger among the world’s most impoverished populations. These three dimensions form the ultimate solution to the problem of feeding nine billion people. In an effort to address these three dimensions of the food problem, it is important to come up with better approaches to meeting the global food demand, which should ensure that, while not much of the uncultivated land will be cultivated, more and higher quality food will be produced. The next section discusses the measures that should be taken in an effort to fulfill this objective. Effective Measures As Godfray and his analysis group have noted, the three-dimensional food problem that is facing the world needs to be addressed by significant changes in the process of food production by the producer and food access by the consumer. In other words, it is important, in an effort to solve the food problem, to execute an overhaul in the global food supply chain in an effort to accomplish the extent of efficiency that was witnessed in the previous three centuries. This is a goal that the world food production chain will have to focus on despite the hurdles that come with the constraints of natural resources.

ETHICS AND FINANCIAL SERVICES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ETHICS AND FINANCIAL SERVICES - Essay Example The asbestos inhaled by the workers during production caused asbestosis, chronic disease of the lungs (Upadhyay 2009). Asbestos is a mineral that is an extraordinary useful commercial property. It was used in construction sites, power plants, government projects and of most important was the building of ship. In fact, the James Hardie Industries (JHI) was known to have the largest labour force, which over saw its use in the production of fibre cement in Australia. Through this, workers started experiencing asbestosis after a certain period of time and complains arose on the claims for compensation for attracting the disease (Larson 1977) It was about this time that James Hardie faced a suit by the workers due to his ignorance on their pleas. His group sought to depress the issue by settling the cases through the establishment of a Medical Research and Compensation Foundation (MRCF), which was supposed to handle claims and payments of asbestos poisoning from its products. However those who were given the mandate to manage the research assumed a consistent position that the assessment of the asbestos liabilities at all the relevant times was adequate, with unrelated legal entity for which it had no responsibility (Sneyd 1994). Soon the foundation was rendered under-funded with A$293 million where an estimate of $2.2 B was required and this became a major public issue with the merging of various victim groups, politicians, and media personalities among other supporters who were pushing for intervention from the government. In response to their demand, an inquiry was set to investigate the Jack Hardie group. As a result, Larson 1977 argues that the MRCF was instructed by the government to offer adequate compensation for all the future asbestos victims who had worked at the James Hardie Industries (JHI). Due to extreme pressure from the government and the public, James Hardie

Forest Fires Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Forest Fires - Lab Report Example Forest fuels at that time grew progressively drier, additionally; the early summer thunderstorms gave lightning without sufficient rain. The fire that was initially assumed to be easily containable began on June of 1988 with storm Creek Fire, Red fire and Fan fire all manifesting. June of the same year become more challenging as Mink & Clover fires and Lava fire began. By August of 1988, a lot of damages had occurred with other fires starting within the same park. Most notably was the fire of August 20, 1988, "Black Saturday" a day that huge amount of land was burned, and many witnessed dense smoke ever. This was a month that many other roads became impassable due to the intensity of the fire. Despite suppression efforts, the 1988 fires ultimately seized only with the coming of the mid-September snowfall. What then followed was the full evacuation of citizens who leave around the park and forest reforestation efforts. There are various actions taken by the forest managers key among them the implementation of a new fire management plan for Yellowstone in 1992. The implemented plan helped address future related fire concern including detailed guidelines for managing or handling natural fires and provision of more resources towards fire management. The other action has been more surveillance to manage future fire incidences quickly. The final management action has been in line with more ecological awareness to ensure polluted free environment. One can argue that these initiatives have been fruitful since no major fire has emerged in the area. My approach to the fire would be to handle the fire immediately before it becomes unmanageable. This is possible through more prompt aerial surveillance. Yellowstone fire of 1988 was majorly accelerated initially by reluctance (Gomez et al., 95). The management was more reluctant initially with the belief that it was a natural fire that

Source of Competitive Advantage

Source of Competitive Advantage One of the reasons of the success of 7-Eleven Japan or SEJ comes from the consumer-focused orientation based on Information Systems use. Its complete understanding and control of its market and operations based on IT support contribute to its sustainable competitive advantage. Even though SEJ regards IS as simply a tool, it is known for proactive investment in IT and outsourcing of its critical system. SEJs strategy is outsourcing most of IS management in response to the speed of the market, this strategy allows SEJ to concentrate on developing a vision that works with the business strategy. Regularly, SEJ explores chances to obtain first mover advantage by introducing state-of-the-art technologies, for instance, point-of-sales system and Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) in which allowed 30 times faster speeds and enabled SEJ HQ to shorten analysis process of daily POS data item by item. This operational planning and control system expedites inbound and outbound logistics an d the sales forecast relies on POS data to reveal changes in consumer preference. These innovations improve replenishment process and maintain availability of products which in turn sustain the degree of customer loyalty leading to the competitive advantage. In the US, 7-Eleven was the first major convenience store chain in the US to develop a proprietary Retail Information System (RIS) feature POS, item level sales analysis, automated back office functions such as sales and cash reporting, payroll, gasoline pricing and inventory control, which are connected directly to the company accounting system and integrated gasoline pay-at-the-pump functionality. The system builds efficiencies towards ordering, distribution and merchandising processes. Similar to its strategy in Japan, 7-Eleven outsource majority of RIS to third party providers. RIS implementation provides timely, accurate sales information on an item-by-item basis in which facilitates inventory management that is known to be the key success factor in C-store business where inventory turnover is fast and replenishment process has to be able to catch up with the pace. Consequently, they are attributable to the source of sustainable competitive advantage of its operation in the US. Not to mention the introduction of integrated credit-card authorization and gasoline sales into POS register that yields more American customer base as they are mono-chronic culture who prefer one-stop shopping. References Briggs, W. Shore, B. 2007, Competitive Analysis of Enterprise Integration Strategies, Industrial Management Data Systems, vol.107, no.7, pp.925-935. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:aZIbIH9D0hsJ:suffolk.us/wbriggs/Competitive%2520Analysis%2520of%2520Enterprise%2520Integration%2520Strategies%2520EDITED%25204-23-07.doc+Competitive+Analysis+of+Enterprise+Integration+Strategiescd=3hl=enct=clnkgl=au Gottfredson, M. Puryear, R. Phillips, S. 2005, Capability Sourcing at 7-Eleven, viewed 29 April 2010, . Nagayama, K. Weill, P. 2004, 7-Eleven Japan Co.Ltd.: Reinventing the Retail Business Model, CISR WP no. 338, pp.1-20. http://202.205.89.79/download/materials/2009s/discipline/system_approach_to_accounting/Case%20Seven%20Eleven%20Japan%20cisrwp338.pdf

Essay --

During the experiment the researcher explained the subject that first they will do a test, followed by a warm up and after they will repeat the same test. The participants were very receptive, following carefully what the researcher told them. When the test has started all the participants lined up, being ready to perform. The timer has started and each and every subject did their best. After the first test has ended, a warm up came next, where the subjects had to do jogging for two minutes, high knees both ways of the court, heel flicks, sidewalk running, jumping jacks, and sprints starting from a low to a high intensity. Some of the participants seemed very tired, saying that will have a bad result the second time and some participants said they did not need the warm up because second time will make sure to have a better score. It can be seen from the results that almost everyone has a better score than the first time, except one person. 7. From the results found in this experiment people can see that warm up has a good effect on athletes. What most of the researchers wrote in thei...

The Way of Financial Capability Is Through Financial Literacy

The way of Financial Capability is through financial literacy: Indian and Global Scenario Asst. Prof. Prajakta Joshi N-12, Maurya Vihar, Near Sahajanand Society, Kothrud, Pune -38 Email – [email  protected] co. in Contact no. – 9371207428 The way of Financial Capability is through financial literacy: Indian and Global Scenario Abstract In every stage of life people face challenges to take certain financial decisions. Financial illiteracy is inability to make informed judgments and effective decisions regarding the use and management of money and wealth which affects their family and society at large.It is utmost important for a country to take steps for financial literacy in order to improve the standard of society society and economy of the nation. Financial literacy is the set of skills and knowledge that allows an individual to take appropriate financial decisions. The objective of the research is to understand financial literacy and its importance. It also aims to understand the current financial literacy initiatives that are taking place in India and other parts of the world.Financial literacy is more important in country like India where large chunk of population is illiterate hence they do not have easy access to formal financial set up. This population has lack of knowledge about financial planning. The Indian government has insisting on the need for financial literacy and generating confidence among people who burnt their fingers by taking wrong decisions. The promotion of financial literacy in developing countries is timely and can be a win-win situation for poor people and financial service providers alike..Financial literacy skills can be applied everywhere viz. managing a wide range of individual, household, business, and community resources. The effective financial literacy is the best tool to help the society to deal with future needs as well as to deal with contingencies. Key Words: financial literacy, financial education, financ ial programs, financial planning Introduction: Financial decisions can be rigorous task. Making financial choices by comparing savings or borrowing options with different interest rates and term structures can cause a certain level of discomfort.Sometimes a knowledgeable individual may need to rely on calculators or spreadsheets to make truly informed decisions. Investment decision involves some amount of risk; hence the number of investors are less as compared to the rate at which markets in India are growing. People hesitate to invest due to lack of awareness and proper knowledge of financial services available in market. This uncertainty is due to lack of information and understanding of investment basics. Creating informed investor is the major challenge for constant growth of Indian economy.Investments may be in the form of fixed deposit, real estate, gold, mutual fund, bond and shares. As per Indian scenario people are least interested in investment is share market due to lack of knowledge. Only 1% of Indian population is active investor in capital market. Government of India has already taken steps to increase the awareness and knowledge of the population through various investor education programs. Financial literacy programs that teach individuals how to spend save and budget responsibly.These initiatives should reach to the root level of Indian population. The awareness should spread among the farmers that consist of 70% of Indian economy. Objective: 1. To understand the financial literacy and its importance. 2. To learn about the Initiatives for Financial Literacy in the global context. 3. To study the efforts taken by various institutions for Financial Literacy in India. Literature Review: Lusardi and Mitche (2006, 2007), have conducted basic financial literacy test for both U. S. nd other countries and their research shows that many adults do not understand the difference between compound and simple interest; the characteristics of financial asset s such as stocks and bonds; the benefits of portfolio diversification; or the important features of their own mortgages, Social Security and pension plans. Lusardi and Tufano( 2009), (van Rooij, Lusardi, and Alessie 2007), (Hastings and Tejeda-Ashton 2008) found that people with low financial literacy are more likely to have problems with debt, less likely to participate in the stock market and mutual funds.Previous research has found that financial literacy can have important implications for financial behavior. Ajay Tankha, Development consultant of Sa-dhan, a self help group conducted study in India related to financial literacy and indicated that nearly 96% of the population across the country felt that they would not survive for more than one year if there is a loss of income. Worthington, AC, Predicting financial literacy in Australia, Financial Services Review, 15(1), Spring 2006, 59-79, used Logit models to predict financial literacy using the 2003 ANZ Survey of Adult Financ ial Literacy in Australia.Factors examined include gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, education, income, savings and debt. The result shows Financial literacy is highest for persons aged between 50 and 60 years. Literacy is lowest for the unemployed, females, and those from a non-English speaking background with a low level of education. Research Methodology: The research paper is based on descriptive analysis. The secondary data sources are : 1. Websites 2. World economic forum report 3. Books 4. Journals Conceptual background: Definition of Financial Literacy:Financial Literacy is the knowledge and ability of an individual to make informed and effective money management decision. Financial literacy can be achieved when a person develops financial knowledge and skill along with access to financial services, government policy, financial instruments and updates in tax structure. Financial literacy—the ability to process financial information and make informed decisions about personal finance—has received growing attention in the developed world, and recently, in the developing world, as a potentially important determinant of household well-being.The term financial literacy is used often but many do not truly understand the definition. As Stone (2004) states, â€Å"financial literacy is the ability to read, analyze, manage and communicate about the personal financial conditions affecting material well being† (p. 1). The concept of financial literacy takes into consideration the ability to balance your check book or being able to read your financial statements. A better informed citizen can be more prudent in planning his personal finance consequently helps in strengthening the country’s economy.It is important that people should accurately perceive their own economic decision Therefore there should be substantial contribution from government of India and other non- government organizations. Importance of financial literacy: In recent years, financial literacy has gained the attention of a wide range of major banking companies, government agencies, grass-roots consumer and community interest groups, and other organizations.Interested groups, including policymakers, are concerned that consumers lack a working knowledge of financial concepts and do not have the tools they need to make decisions most advantageous to their economic well-being. Such financial literacy deficiencies can affect an individual's or family's day-to-day money management and ability to save for long-term goals such as buying a home, seeking higher education, or financing retirement. Ineffective money management can also result in behaviors that make consumers vulnerable to severe financial crises.Financial literacy allows people to increase and better manage their earnings – and therefore better manage life events like education, illness, job loss or retirement. It also promotes understanding and acceptance of important political refo rms, such as health care or pension reforms. While the significance of financial literacy has not yet been fully articulated and recognized by the international development community – or by policy makers and practitioners in developing countries – measures to promote and improve financial education are becoming more frequent.The providers of financial literacy programs are a diverse group that includes employers, the military, state cooperative extension services, community colleges, faith-based groups, and community-based organizations. Commercial banks are also important providers of financial literacy education. All but two of the forty-eight retail banks responding to a recent survey by the Consumer Bankers Association reported contributing to financial literacy efforts in some way.Many banks consider their engagement in this area a way to expand their customer base and promote goodwill, and such activities are often given favorable consideration in examinations f or compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act. International Scenario of Financial literacy: The development in medical and technology field results in increase in life expectancy, however the person should also be sustain economically till he alive. Financial literacy has become an immensely popular component of financial reform across the world to retain and increase the income for future survival.USA: Financial literacy promotion was started early in 1908 in United State of America, Edward A. Filene established American credit union movement to promote financial literacy in form of newsletters. .Some governments have devoted efforts to improve financial literacy. In USA many state governments require high school students to take financial education courses; the first such requirement took effect in Nevada in 1957. CNN Money has an outstanding overview of basic personal finance topics called Money 101. Each of the 23 topics includes several pages of information, and many of th e subjects include an interactive calculator or tool.The Federal government has a website called MyMoney. gov, which is â€Å"dedicated to teaching all Americans the basics about financial education. † American Association of University Women California’s work with financial literacy program from 2008. They have developed six modules for college students and women. As response to the recent financial crisis, the United States government set up the President’s Advisory council on Financial Literacy in January 2008, charged with promoting program that improves financial education at all levels of the economy.The Federal government also provides the Federal Citizen Information Center, which offers free (or cheap) publications on a variety of topics including finance.. Private foundations are also stepping up for promotion of financial literacy and its advantages. The Citi Foundation, funded by Citigroup, has supported a number of initiatives that look to improve fi nancial literacy throughout the world. Currently, the program is headed by Microfinance Opportunities, a microenterprise resource center that promotes client-led microfinance, and Freedom from Hunger.Australia: the commonwealth Bank has offered education and financial literacy initiative to young and adult Australians. Since the 1930’s, the bank has particularly focused on supporting the financial needs of young people through its Student Banking Program and the Dollars and Sense . Portland, Maine: An Institute for Financial Literacy is established in 2002. . It is nonprofit organization which supports financial literacy program. Indonesia: In the developing world, the Indonesian government declared 2008 ‘the year of financial education’.Europe and Central Asia: Starting in 2005, the Europe and Central Asia Region of the World Bank initiated a pilot program in financial literacy, for the pilot program nine countries review were conducted that includes six states of European union namely, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania and Slovakia plus the Russian Federation and Azerbaijan, Croatia. The financial literacy initiative is currently being implemented by Pro Mujer (Bolivia), Teba Bank (South Africa), Al Amana (Morocco), Equity Building Society (Kenya), SEWA Bank (India), CARD Bank (the Philippines) and the Microfinance Centre (Poland), among others.Indian Scenario of Financial literacy: 65% Indians lack financial literacy, according to Financial Service giant Visa, recently came up with a survey which declared India as one of the least financial literate countries among 28 countries. [pic] Source: Visa this survey is conducted in the period between February and April 2012 and interviewed 25,500 respondents in 28 countries including global superpowers like USA, Canada and Australia. Out of a possible score of 100, Brazil topped the charts with a 50. 4 followed by Mexico with 47. 8, Australia with 46. 3, USA with 44 and Canad a with 43. in top 5 overall country ranking. India ranked 23rd as the report termed only 35% of Indian respondents as financially literate. In India, the Reserve Bank of India launched an first initiative in 2007 to establish Financial Literacy and Credit counseling centers throughout the country which would offer free financial education and counseling to urban and rural population. Initiatives taken for Financial Literacy in India: In India Financial Literacy initiative taken by various agencies to enhance financial capability of Indian population. These initiatives include: 1. RBI’s initiative on Financial LiteracyInitiative taken by Reserve Bank of India, Reserve Bank of India has undertaken a project titled â€Å"Project Financial Literacy†. The objective of this project is to propogate information regarding the general banking concepts to various target groups, including school and college students, women, rural and urban poor, defense personnel and senior citize ns. The project has been designed to be implemented in two modules, one module focusing on the economy, RBI and its activities, and the other module on general banking. The material is created in English and other vernacular languages.The information is distributed to banks, local government, schools and colleges through presentations, pamphlets, brochures, films and also through RBI’s website. The other measures implemented by Reserve Bank of India in this regards include conducting essay competition to promote financial awareness among school children on topic banking and finance. Recently RBI launched ‘RBI Young Scholars’ award’ scheme for outstanding students in order to generate interest in creating awareness of banking sector of the country. 2. SEBI’s initiative on Financial Literacy Securities Exchange Board of India has started financial education on a nationwide.To undertake financial education to various target segments viz. school student s, college students, working executives, middle income group, home makers, retired personnel, self help groups etc. , SEBI has empanelled Financial Educator Resource Persons throughout India. The Resource Persons are given training on various aspects of finance and equipped with the knowledge about the financial markets. These SEBI Certified Resource Persons organise workshops to these target segments on various aspects viz. savings, investment, financial planning, banking, insurance, retirement planning etc.More than 3500 workshops have been already conducted in various states covering around two lakh and sixty thousand participants. Investor education programs are conducted by SEBI through investor associations all over the country. Regional seminars are conducted by SEBI through various stakeholders viz. Stock Exchanges, Depositories, Mutual Funds Association, Association of Merchant Bankers etc. SEBI has a dedicated website for investor education wherein study materials are avai lable for dissemination. SEBI also publishes study materials in English and vernacular languages.Under ‘Visit SEBI’ programme, School and college students are encouraged to visit SEBI and understand its functioning. SEBI has recently set up SEBI Helpline in 14 languages wherein through a toll free number, investors across the country can access and seek information for redressal of their grievances and guidance on various issues. (ref. www. rbi. org) 3. IRDA’S Initiatives on Financial Education Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority has taken various initiatives in the area of financial literacy. Awareness programmes have been conducted on television and radio and simple messages about the rights nd duties of policyholders, channels available for dispute redressal etc have been propagated through television and radio as well as the print media in English, Hindi and 11 other Indian languages. IRDA conducts an annual seminar on policy holder protection and welfare and also partially sponsors seminars on insurance by consumer bodies. IRDA has done a pan India survey on awareness levels about insurance. IRDA has also brought out publications of ‘Policyholder Handbooks’ as well as a comic book series on insurance. A dedicated website for consumer education in insurance has been launched. 4. PFRDA Initiatives on Financial EducationThe Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority, India’s youngest regulator has been engaged in spreading social security messages to the public. PFRDA has developed FAQ on pension related topics on its web, and has been associated with various non government organizations in India in taking the pension services to the disadvantaged community. PFRDA’s initiatives have become more broad-based with direct mass publicity on NPS – both as individual model through POPs and group models through Aggregators. PFRDA has issued advertisements in print media and electronic media thro ugh radio and television.PFRDA appointed intermediaries are called Aggregators who are directly responsible for pension awareness mostly in vernacular languages and in line with socio-economic sensibilities 5. Market players Initiatives on Financial Education Commercial banks are realizing that they are missing out on large segment of financially illiterate and excluded segment of prospective customers. Major financial institutions are spreading awareness through Financial Literacy and Counseling Centers and Rural Self Employment Training Institutes on financial literacy.The objective of these centers is to advise people on gaining access to the financial system including banks, creating awareness among the public about financial management, counseling people who are struggling to meet their repayment obligations and help them resolve their problems of indebtedness, helping in rehabilitation of borrowers in distress etc. Some of these credit counseling centers even train farmers/wom en groups to enable them to start their own income generating activities to earn a reasonable livelihood. Similarly, many Stock Exchanges, Broking Houses andMutual Funds have initiatives in the field of financial education through conducting of seminars, issuance of do’s and don’ts, and newspaper campaigns. Insurance companies too, carry out campaigns and other educational activities for generic education in insurance. 6. Other Measures Other than the Reserve bank and other regulators, various NGO’s in the country are also spreading financial literacy in the country. Sanchayan is a NGO dedicated exclusively to spreading financial literacy and awareness among the youth and adults from low-income background.Sanchayan conducts free workshops for the underprivileged youth on topics ranging from the basics of banking, credit cards and PAN cards to the investing in shares and mutual funds, so that these youth can become financially aware and also a part of the mainstr eam banking and financial services industry. Indian School of Microfinance for Women through its Citi Center for Financial Literacy (CCFL) has formed a network of partner organizations named National Alliance for Financial Literacy (NAFil) to take financial literacy as a movement across the country.Also Manndeshi Udyogini Business School for Rural Women: HSBC has collaborated with Mann Vikas Samajik Sanstha in Satara to provide financial literacy and management skills to girls and women with no formal education Conclusion and Recommendations: It is a need of an era to understand the concept of financial literacy for rapid progress of economy. The financial literacy is not restricted only to small savings but it is also useful for how to use credit responsibly, fund management, minimize financial risks, maximization of profit and derive long-term benefits of investment.Financial literacy movements have already started globally. India has also made rapid progress in the field of finan cial education through various programs initiated by government and other agencies. In this context the following recommendations are worth notable to increase the financial literacy of the country. 1. Financial literacy program should be the part of academic syllabus from primary education. 2. Special program should be designed for woman who develops the cultures in the family, this can be implemented through anganwadi teachers and self help groups. 3.In rural area program should be designed in regional language and should be presented in form of dramatics or street play for their better understanding. 4. In advance stage the programs on investment in capital market should be introduced in easy language for educated middleclass. 5. There is a scope for further study whether financial education programs are effective in improving financial literacy and financial behavior. REFERENCES: 1. A Survey of the Banking Industry† (July 2001) 2. Dean Roy Nash, FINANCIAL LITERACY: AN INDI AN SCENARIO, Asian Journal of Research in Banking and Finance. 3. Eikmeier, B. J. (2007).Trends drive opportunities for financial planning for women. Journal of Financial Planning, 20(6),6. ry of Low-income Students: Literature 4. Frenette M. & Robson, J. , (2011). Financial Literary of Low-income Students: Literature 5. implications for financial education. Business Economics, 35-44. 6. Lusardi, A. (2009). Financial literacy, retirement planning, and retirement wellbeing: Lessons 7. Lusardi, A. (Jan 2007). Financial literacy and retirement preparedness: Evidence and 8. Lusardi, Annamaria, and Olivia S. Mitchell, 2006. â€Å"Financial Literacy and Planning: Implications for Retirement Wellbeing. Pension Research Council Working Paper No. 1. viewed December 28, 2012. 9. Lusardi, Annamaria, and Peter Tufano. 2009. Debt Literacy, Financial Experiences, and Overindebtedness. NBER Working Paper n. 14808. 10. Stone, G. (2004, June). Loma. Retrieved July 17, 2009, from: www. loma. org 11. Tankha. A. 2011. Financial literacy: concept and its importance in India. Vol. 2 Issue 4, April 2012, ISSN 2249 7323 12. Worthington, AC, Predicting financial literacy in Australia, Financial Services Review, 15(1), Spring 2006, 59-79. 13. www. commbank. com. au 14. www. worldbank. org 15. www. financiallit. org 16. www. aauw-ca. org

Essay on Bill of Rights and Federalism

Essay on Bill of Rights and Federalism Essay on Bill of Rights and Federalism The Second Amendment reads: â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† These words have generated considerable controversy as part of the broader debate over gun control. Proponents of stricter controls generally contend that the amendment was meant to protect the collective right of states to maintain militia units. Their opponents respond that the amendment was intended to protect an individual right, noting that in the eighteenth century the militia was composed of the entire free white male population, who were expected to muster bearing their own arms. This lively debate notwithstanding, the Supreme Court has only considered Second Amendment claims in a handful of cases. One reason is that for much of American history there were few regulations concerning firearms ownership. The settlers of colonial America were heirs to the English tradition of distrust of standing armies and professional police forces as dangerous to individual liberty. The English tradition of relying on the armed yeomanry both to enforce laws and protect the realm from external enemies was reinforced in the colonial era. The need to defend settlements against Native Americans and the armies of other European powers led to the deputization of the entire white population. Colonial statutes required all white men, with few exceptions, to both keep arms and bear them in militia formations. The

Roe vs. Wade essays

Roe vs. Wade essays Roe vs. Wade was a very controversial issue for its time, and today. Roe vs. Wade was a landmark case for womens rights. Roes case required states to allow women to have an abortion during the first six months of pregnancy. This allowed women a choice if they would like to keep a child. Roe vs. Wade was so controversial because it dealt with the topic of abortion. To many people abortion is killing an unborn child, or child. Abortion is more than a political issue it is also a moral issue. Is it right to abort a fetus or baby? Roe, an unmarried, pregnant woman from Texas wanted an abortion, but an existing statute prevented her from doing so. The Texas statute, originally passed in 1857, outlawed abortions except to save the life of the life of the mother. Roe filed a lawsuit in the federal district court on behalf of herself and all other pregnant women. Roe wanted to have an abortion statute declared because the 1857 statute passed in Texas was unconstitutional. Roe stated it was an invasion of her right to privacy guaranteed by the First, Fourth, Fifth, Ninth, and Fourteenth Amendments. At the same time Roe sought an injunction, or court order, issue against the statutes enforcement so that she might go forward with the abortion. The district courts agreed with Roe that the law was unconstitutionally vague and violated her right privacy under the Ninth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment. The Ninth Amendment allows for the existence of the rights, like that of privacy grant the injunction allowing her to go ahead with the abortion. Roe then appealed the denial to the injunction to the United States Supreme Court. Around that same time a woman named Mary Doe sought an abortion but a 1968 Georgia statute, only allowing abortion if necessary to save the life of the mother, in the case of pregnancy resulted from rape or incest, or if the baby was likely to be born with defects. ...

Discuss the financing hierarchy view of corporate liquidity Essay

Discuss the financing hierarchy view of corporate liquidity - Essay Example Considering this relationship predicted by the hierarchy view, it is different from the trade-off view which argues that the relationship between the level of cash and investment maintained by an entity is direct. The hierarchy view also holds that firms raise their levels of cash reserves when they are confident about their future profitability and the fact that new opportunities will require excessive cash reserves (Tirole 2006). The empirical evidence in relation to the corporate policies on liquidity, based on the survey conducted by Deutsche Bank (2006), suggests that a significantly high level of companies surveyed, i.e. 18 percent, maintained liquid cash reserves which were more than 20 percent of their assets, whereas 38 percent survey participants had established credit lines over and above 20 percent of their assets’ value. On the other hand, one interesting finding from the survey revealed that about 50 percent of the participants signified their indifference towards changing liquidity position, had there been no new opportunities in the market (Servaes and Tufano 2006). Thus, holding of cash cannot be deemed for availing new investment opportunities and this is where empirical evidence departs from hierarchy view of corporate liquidity

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Discussions questions - Assignment Example Large enterprises have many employees spread of a lager geographical cover i.e. worldwide who could be difficult to control. These employees could be compromised by hacker so as to provide details to help them hack in the systems. Research shows that most large enterprises hackings are always done from the inside. The greatest tool that these hackers have at their disposal is Google. Using Google smart search a hacker can get any information they want about any individual including family names, credit card information, date of birth, home address, medical records, classified government records etc. Once hackers have access to this kind of information, it is easier for them to carry out any attack ranging from theft, fraud or gain access to restricted resources. Google can also provide information about organizations’ profile of web servers, unprotected directories, financial information and database information. This is the kind of information hackers use to attack there target. Hence Google smart search has become the greatest tool used by hackers. One recent cyber-crime that is on the rise is cloud crime. Cloud computing is trending in IT and most companies are moving to cloud services. Therefore with more companies putting information on public cloud services, cloud services have become targets. However system forensics investigators face several challenges in trying to solve the crime. For instance, form the legal dimension, there are no agreements among cloud organizations to enable collaborative investigation. Also majority of SLAs between these companies have no terms and conditions regarding the separation of responsibilities between the cloud service provider and the customer The greatest challenges facing system forensics investigators is how to retrieve and handle data form mobile handheld devices. Revolution in technology has seen emergence of mobile handheld devices like smartphones like Apple iPhone and blackberry, iPads,

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Langston Hughes Essay Example for Free

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Answers to Questions on Strategic Human Resource Management

Answers to Questions on Strategic Human Resource Management Due to changes in business environment, the Human Resource gained more roles and activities in the shaping of the strategy of management in organisations. The contemporary literature review provides a number of various definitions for strategy. James Brian Quinns definition of strategy focuses on the integration of goals, policies and practices: A strategy is the pattern or plan that integrates an organisation major goals, policies, and action sequences into a cohesive whole (Grees 2003, p 207). The Human Resource Management in organisations has been fully integrated with their business strategy. The strategy aims at providing a framework of directions, coordination as well as decision making. Besides, strategy may also have the role of allocating resources. According to William Henn: Strategy is the concentration of resources on selected opportunities for competitive advantage (ibid). William Henns definition refers to the making of crucial decisions that consist of moving resources from less promising projects to areas where the organisation can have more strategic and competitive advantage. Therefore, the Strategic Human Resource Management importance relies largely on its role providing competitive advantage through the effective use and implementation of such resources in such a way that enable the organisation to achieve its strategic requirements and goals. Patrick Wright and Gary McMahan summarise the Strategic Human Resource Management as the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable an organisation to achieve its goals (ibid). Edward et al (2003, p10) highlights the importance of Strategic Human Resource Management by emphasising on the variety of its roles and functions that include: managing change, contribution to strategy, managing the outsourcing of human resource, and operating shared services units. For instance: S.H.R.M is playing a great role in delivering changes in organisations that aspire to reposition itself in the face of changing competitive conditions. This often involves new structuring and new training that deliver the shift to new business context. 1.2. Purpose of SHRM in John Lewis As we briefly discussed above the significance of Strategic Human Resource Management in corporate world, the following analysis will attempt to identify the purpose of S.H.R.M practices in organisations but more specifically as it will examine those practices particularly in one organisation which is John Lewis. However, no doubt that the main purpose of Strategic Human Resource Management in John Lewis may largely apply to any other organisation. John Lewis as being one of the UK largest cloth retailer as well as an upmarket food retailer is always concerned with maintaining a steady growth by adding more value to the services it provides. Hence, for this purpose John Lewis has managed to successfully use the Strategic Human Resource by strongly linking its function with the competitive advantage and that is because all the employees within the company are part owners of the company  [i]  1. The overall purpose of Strategic Human Resource Management in John Lewis can be summarised in the following points: Developing highly skilled employees: John Lewis eagerness to competitiveness and an awareness of the increasing demands for technologically advanced environment showed the companys recognition that distinctive competencies are obtained through developing highly skilled employees. This requires programs of training and development that solidify the employees contribution to the company. Controlling labour costs: S.H.R.M function in John Lewis is very effective when it comes to controlling the companys total expenditure like: wages, training costs, compensationsetc. This function is very important to the company as argued by Edward et al (2003, p204) the pressure to control costs increased general managers awareness of the impact of inefficient use of human resource. Performance motivation: as mentioned above, John Lewis employees are part owners of the company. This strategy aims at pushing employees to become more committed and highly motivated towards their company. Besides, the companys strategy is to address all employees needs whether by rewards or other means. 1.3 Contribution of S.H.R.M to the achievement of John Lewis goals: John Lewis has set its S.H.R.M goals and studied the tools to achieve them. Yet, the remaining question is whether the strategies adopted have contributed to the achievement of these goals. According to John Lewis interim report 2010, the company seems to have achieved a significant growth even within a tough economic environment. We can argue that part of the success is largely owed to the integration of human resource activities within the companys strategy formulation and planning process. John Lewis provides an exemplary practice with respect to the functioning of its human resource. Having its employees as part owners, this strategy has allowed them or rather pushed them to contribute more towards improvement of their companys performance. The Strategic Human Resource Management at John Lewis may represent its main key strength. Through its skilled work force, the company has managed to distinctively position itself in the UK market. On the other hand, according to the classical human resource approach, any companys structure is affected by certain situational factors such as: technology, size and environment. As demonstrated by Pfeffer (1994), best human resource practice should have a structure that places staff members into groups that should have the ability to make their own decisions. John Lewis has adopted this structure by the division of the company into departments. These departments work together as teams to achieve goals and the company gives almost equal rewards to all members of the team. Therefore, adopting a strategic structure of the human resource at John Lewis has enable the company to achieve its objectives and gain more competitive advantage. Task2: 2.1 The Business factors that underpin human resource planning at BT: Human resource planning in current organisations is subject to constant change and development due to the influence of various internal and external factors. For BT, the industry of telecommunication is very challenging from many aspects e.g.: Business changes: BTs human resources has to adapt to the changes of the mature voice and connectivity market which is characterised by a high competitiveness and an increasing demand for reduced operational complexities. Employees development: as technology is at the heart of BTs telecommunication services, there is a constant need for developing highly skilled employees in order to better serve the customers. For instance, BT is working to grow from being a telecommunication company to become a 21st century software-driven organisation  [2]  which requires the development of new capabilities. Economic fluctuation: BT has suffered from an unbalance of financial resources due to the global economic slowdown, which had adversely impacted its human resources performance. As a consequence, BT has reduced last year the number of indirect employees working through agencies or third party contractors by around 1100 and full-time employees by 9000. 2.2 The human resource requirements in a given situation: Due to the complexities facing the sector of telecommunication (discussed above), human resources at BT needed to adopt a new culture of what is known as mobile and flexible working. The key driver behind the new strategy is to reduce operational costs and improve employees efficiency: Cost transformation: through mobile and flexible working, human resources at BT should be able to reduce property, accommodation and travelling costs. Employees efficiency: flexible working can reduce absenteeism, increase demand for new hires and offers employees a better work-life balance which meanwhile helps boosting their efficiency and productivity. 2.3 A human resource plan for BT: If the H.R new plan of mobile working at BT is to be successful, it should provide appropriate tools and set clear objectives. Peter Drucker (1950) used the SMART acronym to define goals that are: specific, measurable, agreed, realistic, time related  [3]  . The H.R should deploy necessary efforts to up-skill employees through: Introducing the plan of mobile working using presentations, reports, web applicationsetc, taking into consideration that the more employees to choose mobile working, the greater the benefits of productivity for the organisation. Designing a process to support the transition: it could be done through 12 weeks of training programs including: skills to use visual display equipments, virtual offices, capability to access automating health and safety systemsetc Ensuring that the management has the appropriate tools to monitor and measure the performance of mobile workers. 2.4 Contribution of a human resources plan to meet BTs objectives: Human resources functions are tied to organisational strategies and must be designed to support the achievement of the business objectives. The new orientation of mobile working that H.R followed at BT reflects new elements of success that can massively contribute to the growth of the company. At this stage, the H.R is not only controlling and mentoring but rather adding value and responding to the global business changes. Besides, the approach has proved beneficiary across different organisations. BTs main objectives are targeting tow areas: the quality of services and the cost transformation. Relatively, human resources at BT have been working in the same context. Their new approach can accelerate commercial benefits that are necessary for BT to take leading position within the highly competitive market of telecommunication. 2.5 The purpose of human resource management policies in organisations: Human resource policies are codified rules and guideline that organisations establish to run their businesses  [4]  . The policies reflect the organisations culture and cover a set of procedures such as: hiring, employee relations, managing risks, corporate governanceetc. through a comprehensive human resource policies, organisations are able to build up their reputation and save valuable resources in case of any emerging crisis within the business. In the UK telecommunication industry for instance, organisations performances are critically dependent on the Data Protection Act (1998) which is concerned about the regulation of the processing of information relating to individuals, including the obtaining, holding, use or disclosure of such information  [5]  . This Act helps organisation to build up trust with their stakeholders and demonstrate commitment to protect their information. On the other hand, many issues related to employees are drawn upon the Employment Act (2008) which deals with procedures for the resolution of employment disputes, compensation for financial loss, application of minimum wages legislation, the right of trade unions, enforcement of offences under the Employment Agencies Act 1973  [6]  .. and many other connected purposes. 2.6 The impact of regulatory requirements on human resource policies in BT: Human resources policies at BT span the complete business circle, from healthcare and safety of employees to security and copyright. The H.R policies at the organisation ensure the safety of employees and the public exposed to BT operations. BT is also critically concerned with the secure operation of its information systems, networks and data which are part of its major responsibilities as a telecommunication organisation. For this purpose, BT developed a set of policies and measures designed to deal with any catastrophic event such as: cyber-attacks, industrial failures, terrorist attacksetc. human resources management at BT realises that any significant failure to protect the company or customers data could ruin the business reputation and lead financial losses ( e.g. cancellation of contract, penaltiesetc). . Task3: 3.1 The impact of the organisational structure at MS on the management of human resources: Salamen, G and Asch, D (2003, P20) assume that organisational structure refers to the shape of the organisation, the number of levels of management and the nature and number of jobs. Any alterations to any element could lead to a structural change which itself impact on the human resource management. At Marks and Spencer, changes were introduced in the past years in order to keep up with the intense competition in the retail industry. Thus, the company refocused its business on three business values: quality, value, and services  [7]  . The new business strategy has created more challenges for the employees especially when the management opted for a more flatter structure by skipping some layers of authority, placing high centralisation on staff and supporting better coordination between the senior management and the business units. The process of delayering at MS created more business units and assigned more responsibilities to the employees. Therefore, human resources management introduced more programs of training and development. As the flat structure was giving employees more jobs, the management had to ensure that they possess the required technical skills and business competencies to manage ambiguities, and take wise decisions. In sum, the case of MS highlights the link between organisational structure and human resource management. The structure of any organisation has its own needs and requirements that the human resource should work towards fulfilling them. 3.2 The impact of MS organisational culture on the management of human resources: An organisational culture encompasses shared systems of meaning and values  [8]  . As mentioned earlier, MS eagerness to reposition itself in the retail market has led to major organisational changes. MS was determined to change the basis on which it competed by rebranding itself as a service based organisation  [9]  . The key focus of MS cultural change was on changing employees attitudes which clearly represents a strategic issue for the human resource management. Reinforcing desired behaviours requires big efforts and well studied actions. Human resource at MS focused on three key areas: Creating willingness to change among employees by raising the awareness about the necessity of the change, its benefits as well as the pressure that might be associated with the transition process. Communication at this stage is very important and an ongoing process of feedback is essential. Involving people: senior managers need to provide guidance and understand employees concerns. Sustaining the change: through continuous support, increased pay or bonus, develop new competenciesetc Cultural change at Marks and Spencer was dependent on the efficiency of its human resource planning. The H.R management in any organisation plays a great role in the achievement of organisations objectives and depends in the first place on the employees to make that happen. However, introducing any organisational changes always puts H.R management under substantial pressures. 3.3 How the effectiveness of human resources management is monitored: Human resource effectiveness monitoring is essential to enable the employees to focus on their next target role. Marks and Spence has successfully monitor the human resource performance through: Performance appraisals: employees discuss their development with their line managers who decide whether there is a need for further training. Every employee should make a personal development plan to set objectives on the basis of the appraisal feedback. Competency profiling: it also examines skills required for effectiveness as :communicating and influencing, decision making, business leadership, innovation and change, people and resource management, technical skillsetc. 3.4 Recommendations to improve the effectiveness of human resources management: The following is list of recommendations that aims at improving the effectiveness of human resources management in organisations: Promote diversity: which is very important especially for businesses that are growing globally and need to deal with different mindsets. Besides, diversity reflects the commitment of the organisation to its corporate social responsibilities. Support equal opportunities in job descriptions: in order to promote social inclusion. Clearly align the strategies with the organisations objectives: human resource should develop policies and practices that support the achievement of business goals. Develop a well designed pay and reward plans according to exceptional performances and meanwhile recognise the value of all the staff making significant efforts.